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What Is a Root Canal?
A root canal is a dental procedure that helps save a tooth that’s been badly infected or damaged. Each tooth has a soft inner layer called the pulp, which contains nerves and blood vessels. While the pulp helps the tooth grow during development, it’s not essential once the tooth is fully matured.
During a root canal, the inflamed or infected pulp is gently removed, and the inside of the tooth is cleaned and sealed. This helps stop the spread of infection and allows you to keep your natural tooth instead of needing an extraction.
Why Would You Need a Root Canal?
There are several reasons why a root canal might be necessary. Most commonly, it’s performed when a tooth is affected by deep decay, a severe crack, or trauma that allows bacteria to reach the pulp. This can lead to intense pain, swelling, or sensitivity, especially when chewing or drinking something hot or cold.
If left untreated, the infection can spread to surrounding tissues and eventually cause bone loss or abscess formation. A root canal helps eliminate the infection, relieve discomfort, and protect your smile from further damage—so you can get back to eating, speaking, and smiling with confidence.
Signs You May Need a Root Canal
Root canals are typically recommended when decay or damage reaches the inner pulp of the tooth. While only a dental exam can confirm the need for treatment, there are several signs to watch out for.
You might benefit from a root canal if you experience:
- Consistent or throbbing pain in your tooth
- Pain when biting or touching the area
- Lingering sensitivity to hot or cold
- Swelling or soreness around the gums
- A tooth that has become darker in color
Is a Root Canal Right for You?
To determine whether a root canal is necessary, your dentist will examine your tooth and may use X-rays to assess the internal condition. If the pulp is damaged or infected, a root canal is often the best way to relieve discomfort and avoid extraction.
Root canals are a common, safe, and effective treatment that can restore your tooth's function and health. By preserving your natural tooth, you avoid more invasive procedures and maintain a confident, comfortable smile.
What to Expect During the Procedure
A root canal procedure is done under local anesthesia, ensuring you’re relaxed and pain-free. A protective cover called a dental dam is placed to isolate the tooth and keep it clean throughout the process.
The dentist then gently removes the infected pulp and thoroughly cleans the inside of the tooth. After the area is disinfected, it’s filled with a biocompatible material to provide stability. Finally, the tooth is sealed with a filling to prevent reinfection.
Most teeth treated with root canals are later fitted with a dental crown. This extra layer strengthens the tooth and restores its natural look and function, letting you chew, smile, and speak with ease.
Frequently Asked Questions
